PreparedStatement interface

The PreparedStatement interface is a subinterface of Statement. It is used to execute parameterized query.

Let’s see the example of parameterized query:

String sql="insert into emp values(?,?,?)";  

As you can see, we are passing parameter (?) for the values. Its value will be set by calling the setter methods of PreparedStatement.

Why use PreparedStatement?

Improves performance: The performance of the application will be faster if you use PreparedStatement interface because query is compiled only once.

How to get the instance of PreparedStatement?

The prepareStatement() method of Connection interface is used to return the object of PreparedStatement. Syntax:

public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String query)throws SQLException{}  

Methods of PreparedStatement interface

The important methods of PreparedStatement interface are given below:

Example of PreparedStatement interface that inserts the record

First of all create table as given below:

create table emp(id number(10),name varchar2(50)); 

Now insert records in this table by the code given below:

import java.sql.*;  
class InsertPrepared{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
try{  
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");  
  
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe","system","oracle");  
  
PreparedStatement stmt=con.prepareStatement("insert into Emp values(?,?)");  
stmt.setInt(1,101);//1 specifies the first parameter in the query  
stmt.setString(2,"Ratan");  
  
int i=stmt.executeUpdate();  
System.out.println(i+" records inserted");  
  
con.close();  
  
}catch(Exception e){ System.out.println(e);}  
  
}  
} 

Example of PreparedStatement interface that updates the record

PreparedStatement stmt=con.prepareStatement("update emp set name=? where id=?");  
stmt.setString(1,"Sonoo");//1 specifies the first parameter in the query i.e. name  
stmt.setInt(2,101);  
  
int i=stmt.executeUpdate();  
System.out.println(i+" records updated");  

Example of PreparedStatement interface that deletes the record

PreparedStatement stmt=con.prepareStatement("delete from emp where id=?");  
stmt.setInt(1,101);  
  
int i=stmt.executeUpdate();  
System.out.println(i+" records deleted");  

Example of PreparedStatement interface that retrieve the records of a table

PreparedStatement stmt=con.prepareStatement("select * from emp");  
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery();  
while(rs.next()){  
System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)+" "+rs.getString(2));  
} 

Example of PreparedStatement to insert records until user press n

import java.sql.*;  
import java.io.*;  
class RS{  
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception{  
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");  
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe","system","oracle");  
  
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement("insert into emp130 values(?,?,?)");  
  
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));  
  
do{  
System.out.println("enter id:");  
int id=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());  
System.out.println("enter name:");  
String name=br.readLine();  
System.out.println("enter salary:");  
float salary=Float.parseFloat(br.readLine());  
  
ps.setInt(1,id);  
ps.setString(2,name);  
ps.setFloat(3,salary);  
int i=ps.executeUpdate();  
System.out.println(i+" records affected");  
  
System.out.println("Do you want to continue: y/n");  
String s=br.readLine();  
if(s.startsWith("n")){  
break;  
}  
}while(true);  
  
con.close();  
}}